This course examines the development of a new kind of Holy War which emerged at the end of the eleventh century and transformed political, economic, social, and intellectual relations between Christians, Muslims, and Jews. Although the course concentrates on the period from 1095 through 1300, it will also address how the idea of crusading has changed over time, influencing modern rhetoric on Christian-Muslim relationships. Topics will include the articulation of Christian and Muslim theories of Holy War, the foundation of the crusader kingdoms, and the economic and social effects of the Crusades in Europe and the Levant. The course materials will draw upon a wide range of primary source materials, including chronicles, travelogues, sermons, religious disputations, and legal contracts. Prerequisite: Must have six credit hours of history or permission of instructor. Spring every third year.